barlow



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(,No Model.)

s. BARLOW. MANUFACTURE OF COMPOUND FABRIC FOR BOOK BINDING.

Patented Dec. 22, 1885.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet S. BARLOW.

MANUFACTURE OF COMPOUND FABRIC OR-BOOK BINDING. Patented Dec. 22, 1885.

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' UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFICE-O SAMUEL BABLOW, OF CASTLETON, NEAR MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

MANUFACTURE OF COMPOUND FABRIC Fo BOOK-BINDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 110,332,778, dated December 22, 1885. Application filed April 29, 1885. SerialNo. [63,801. (N 0 model.) Patented in England July 3, 1884, No. 9,723.

To all whom it may concern:

-Be it known that I, SAMUEL BARLOW, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Castleton, near Manchester, Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture by Machinery of a Compound Material Comprising Paper and Cloth for Book-Binding and other Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which'will enable others skilled in the it appertains to make and use the same. 1

In the manufacture of a compound material comprising paper and cloth united or fastened together by adhesive substance and intended for use in book-binding and for other purposes, after paste has been applied to the cloth or paper, or both, the two materials (cloth and paper) with interposed past-e have been passed which heretofore have been of a like or similar kind, such as a pair of metal or wooden rollers working together, the object being to unite by pressure the paper and cloth, so as to form a compound material to be afterward dried preparatory to use.

Rollers of the rigid, inflexible, and nonyielding character above referred to, however, do not .perfectly unite the paper and cloth, and with the means heretofore used it has not beenpracticableto produce on a commercial scale compound material of uniform quality by combining or uniting paper and cloth as and for the purposes mentioned.

N ow I have discovered that the combining or uniting operation may he effectually performed and uniformity of material obtained as follows:

According to-my invention, I- use in the combining or uniting machine rollers of a dissimilar kind-that is, with rigid and with elastic or resilient surfaces, as, for example, a roller (or rollers) of any suitable hard metal or material-snch as brass, copper, iron, or steel, or hard wood-and aroller (or rollers) of any suitable material relatively elastic \or resilient-such. as india-rubber-or of metal or other material coated or covered with indiarubber or gutta-percha, or cotton, or paper.

It is to be understood that each pair of rollcharacter. The sides or ers between which the paper and cloth, with interposed adhesive substance, are to be passed is according to my invention to consist of a roller with a hard or rigid operatingsurface and a roller with a relatively elastic or resilient operating-surface, as above described, and that the material under treatment may be passed through more than one set of rollers to insure the perfect combination or fastening together of the cloth and paper.

In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings, Figure l is an end view, and Fig. 2 a front view, of a combining-machine for carrying out my invention.

The machine comprises a pair of ordinary mangle or calender sides or frames, in which are mounted two bowls or rollers, A B. One of these bowls or rollers, say A, is formed of suitable material-such, for example, as metal and coated or covered with an elastic or resilient substance-suchas india-rubber-to give the necessary elasticity to its surface. The other bowl or roller, B, is formed of hard material-such as iron, brass, copper, or other metal or substance of a rigid and non-elastic frames of the machine are furnished with screws and compound levers C C C 0, through which latter the roller A is loaded in a well-known manner, so that the necessary pressure is brought to bear upon the material passing between the rollers A and B.

I) D are tension or straining'bars, overland under which the respective rolls of paper and cloth are passed, and are therebygkept tight and level, creasing being thus prevented in the combined material.

E is a roll of paper, or other substance to be used in lieu of paper, and F is a roll of cloth. This roll of cloth B may be of cotton, linen, woolen, silk, or other fibrous material, and may be in the ordinary gray state, as manufactured, or be bleached, or dyed, or padded with pin-rollers by an ordinary printing-machine of a uniform color; or the surface of the cloth may be varied by suitable patterns printed upon a dyed, padded, or white ground by an ordinary printing-machine. The roll of cloth may be then stiffened or filled to a suitable degree by a stiffening material-such as starch or gum-applied to the cloth by an orgum, or other adhesive v stance, is mounted dinary stiffening mangle or back starcher in a well-known manner,- ward dried by passing it over steam cylinder other convenient drying ened and dried a roller and taken to the to be united to the roll material.

r G- is a furnishing-roller arranged to revolve in a trough, K, which is partially filled with adhesive substance, such as starch or gum.

I H is a small roller workingin contactwith the furnishing-roller G by pressure therewith. It serves to regulate the quantity of starch, substance necessary to be applied to the cloth for the purpose of attaching or combining it to the paper or other substance. r I

The method of combining the two materials isas follows: The roll E, of paper or other subon one side of the machine,

an ordinary process. The still combining-machine E of paper or other r011 F, of, as shown in Fig.1; ];"When'the machine is set 1n motion, theimaterial forming each roll will pass over or both over and under its respective tension or straining bars D,"as shown. The cloth forming the roll Ff passes over and in contact with the furnishing-roller G, whereby it is supplied with the requisite quantity of adhesive material,

ing it over a steam-cylinder drying-machine, or by any other convenient drying process.

. I am aware it.

means employed have not been such as toproduce a satisfactory result on a commercial scale.

' which-a web of u point,

. with an elastic I am aware that the patent to Inman, N 0. 24,369, describes two rolls-one with an elastic and the other with a hard surface-between paper is passed; but this is essentially different from my invention, because in Inmans process the elastic and hard rolls are employed to coat ,the' web of paper uniformly with the paste or other adhesive material, and have nothing eration of uniting the two webs or sheets of material, whereas I employ an elastic and a hard roll to press the two sheets together and insure their being I am also aware that the patent to Bancroft, N 0. 255,129, describes a machine for, waxing paper in which are employed two rolls- -one and one with a' hard surface;

scar-1a drying-machine, or by any cloth is afterward wound upon.

'- or the use of two but in his machine the rolls are employed to press the wax into the paper' and to remove the superfluous wax, and are not employed to unite two webs or sheets. p I am also aware that the patent to Dickerman, *No. 12l,258, describes rolls employed'to unite pasteooard and paper; but his process is essentially different from mine, because in rolls are elastic, and are not capable of prothe other rol-l has ahard or rigid surface.

In combining cloth and paper I have found that the use of two metal or other rigid rollers,

contact with each other in the combining-ma.- chine, are about equally impracticable in pro,- ducing a perfect combination of the cloth and paper. Thetwo metal or rigid rollers, deficient in elasticity, grind, as it were, the clothand paper, and do not permit a sufficient amount of paste has before been proposed to combine paper and cloth by pressure; but the" to do with the op perfectly united'at every I or gum to intervene andse-' -curea perfect combination of the two substances. When twoelastic rollers-are used, the results are even worse in some respects.

There-being too impossible to use pressure suflicient to effect acombin'ation of the 'cloth and the paper without forcing thematerial or fabric. I v

It will be found that if enough pressure be used to combine the cloth and paper properly, enough-has been applied to spoil the combined fabric, the paste beingforced through the cloth and appearing on the surface, making the fab: ric worthless.

My process, in which a metal rollerworks in contact with any elastic roller, is a perfect success, and [have made over one hundred thousand yards of combined material'by'this process, and have not found the combination imperfect in any way. v that the use of two rollers of' I have found like character, either rigid or elastic, in the combining-machine produces nothing but failure, while the use of one rigid and 'one elastic roller in the same machine produces a valuable product with such make it a commercialsuccess.

What I claim is 4 I for book-binding and other purposes, ing in combi n'ing sheets or'webs of paper, cloth, or other material by pressing together such sheets or webs 4 material between'two rolls, one roll having 'a surface, substantially as described".

' SAMUELBARLQW,

Witnesses:

GEO; W. BROWN, W. WARDLE,

marks with E. Butler Rowly, Manche8tcr.

.ducing a good product, whereas in my process I employ only one elastic or yielding roll, and

The process of making cornpound material" co'nsistwith interposed adhesive:

the apparatus employed by Dickerman both elastic rollersfworking in being much elasticity, it is almost paste through the interstices of the cloth onto the surface of the combined certainty as to rigid and the other-roll an elastic or resilient .Notary r bzw 

